Key fact: Saudi Arabia deported over 11,000 Indian nationals in 2025, the highest number from any single country.

MEA data was verified in the Rajya Sabha on December 18, 2025.

Total deportations of Indians worldwide in 2025: over 24,600 from 81 countries.

• United States: deported approximately 3,800 Indians, its highest figure in five years.

Primary reasons for deportations in Gulf countries: visa overstays; working without valid permits; absconding from employers; civil or criminal legal cases.

Most affected individuals: low-skilled migrant workers.

Common sectors involved: construction, domestic work, caregiving, and related labor.

Other countries with notable deportation numbers: Myanmar: 1,591; Malaysia: 1,485; United Arab Emirates: 1,469; Bahrain: 764.

Espionage Allegations

Regional outlets alleged that some deportations/detentions involve accusations of espionage for Israel. Countries mentioned include Saudi Arabia, Qatar, UAE, and Iran. Allegations suggest involvement of Indian nationals in security or intelligence-related activities, including IT and critical sectors.

In Iran, hardline media claimed arrests of dozens of Indians linked to Israeli intelligence, including reports of executions. A specific claim alleged Indian intelligence involvement in an Israeli airstrike in Doha, Qatar on September 9, 2025 targeting Hamas leadership. No official confirmation from India, Israel, or the accused countries.

Official Position: MEA has not commented on espionage allegations. The MEA emphasizes the welfare of Indian nationals abroad and engagement with host governments for fair treatment. The Indian government also advises citizens abroad to strictly follow local laws and visa regulations.

Correction/clarification: There is no confirmed official attribution of espionage involvement by Indian nationals; the MEA has not commented on these allegations.